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Expert Discusses HIV-Related Kidney Disease, Susceptibility Among Blacks
The New York Daily News profiled Paul Klotman, chair of the Samuel F. Bronfman Department of Medicine at Mount Sinai, who is "one of the world"s leading experts on the kidney diseases associated with HIV." In the article, Klotman discussed the clinical details of HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN), including treatment, causes and symptoms. According to the Daily News, doctors estimate that two million to four million people of African heritage have HIVAN, including between 4 percent and 12 percent of blacks with HIV in the U.S. The article continues, "In recent years, doctors have made tremendous advances in their understanding of both HIV and its associated kidney disease." Klotman said, "In thinking about a cure, we know now that we have to clean out the brain and the kidney. Those are things we have to know if we can ever achieve a cure for AIDS" (Charles, 7/22).

Confirmation Of High Efficacy Of HPV Vaccine Against Precancerous Cervical Lesions And Protective Effect Of Vaccination Programs
The findings of the PATRICIA study are reported in an article Online First and in a future edition of The Lancet. It shows that the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine (GlaxoSmithKline) has high efficacy against the precancerous cervical lesions that can eventually lead to cervical cancer. There is confirmation that the vaccine also shows cross-protective efficacy against other oncogenic (that cause cancer) Human Papillomavirus (HPV) types closely related to HPV-16/18. In addition, it also shows efficacy in the cohorts relevant to universal mass vaccination and catch-up programs. The article is written by Dr Jorma Paavonen, of the University of Helsinki, Finland, and collaborators.
News of the day
CareFirst BCBS Covers ENO Measurement For Diagnosis, Asthma Treatment
Apieron, Inc. said that CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield has adopted a positive coverage policy for the measurement of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO). The Medical Directors of CareFirst determined that the published, peer-reviewed evidence is sufficient to support benefit coverage for the treatment of asthma. The policy, effective July 20, 2009, states the measurement of exhaled nitric oxide is considered medically necessary in the management of asthma patients. CareFirst is the largest health care insurer in the Mid-Atlantic region, serving nearly 3.4 million members in Maryland, District of Columbia and portions of Virginia.
Cardiovascular

Health Warning After Lancashire Workers Catch Legionnaires' Disease, UK

The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has warned companies in Lancashire to ensure they carry out regular, simple checks to protect employees from Legionnaires" disease. The warning follows the prosecution of butchery processing company Kepak UK Ltd after two employees caught the disease at Kepak"s Carr Place premises on the Walton Summit Industrial Estate, Bamber Bridge, Preston. The company, which has its headquarters on Flanshaw Lane in Wakefield, was fined ÷£25,000 and ordered to pay ÷£20,000 in costs at Preston Crown Court on Monday 27 July. Kepak pleaded guilty to breaching Section 2(1) of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 by failing to protect its employees from the risk of contracting Legionnaires" disease. The court heard that the first case of Legionnaires" disease was diagnosed on 26 September 2006 in Boguslaw Plociennik, who was employed as a boner, and a second on 3 October 2006 in Zbigniew Rauk, who was employed as a packer. Following notification of the two cases, an outbreak committee was formed made up of HSE, South Ribble Borough Council"s Environmental Health Department, Central Lancashire Primary Care Trust, the Health Protection Unit and Lancashire Teaching Hospitals. Water samples were taken throughout the building and significant levels of legionella were found to be present at three locations: a pressure washer hose point, an apron wash shower point, and a pressure washer header tank. The tank was fed by hot and cold water and supplied water to three pressure washer hose points in and around the process area. Employees used the pressure washer system to clean away meat and fat debris in the various processing areas as and when required. While the investigation was taking place, Kepak closed the Carr Place site and the domestic water system was drained, pumped through, chlorinated and disinfected. Kepak has subsequently not reopened the site, which was one of two the company operated in the Preston area. HSE Principal Inspector Dorothy Shaw said: "Kepak failed to carry out simple checks on the hot and cold water system. As a result, many of its employees working at the site were potentially exposed to the legionella bacteria, and two individuals were made seriously ill. "Any system containing water at temperatures between 20 and 45 degrees Celsius, and which may release an aerosol during operation or maintenance, is at risk of exposure to legionella bacteria. "Legionnaires" disease is a potentially fatal illness and, had the correct procedures been in place, the outbreak at Kepak"s premises would not have occurred. Legionella bacteria can build up in purpose-built water systems and, if conditions are favourable, the bacteria can multiply, increasing the risk. "A risk assessment had been carried out in May 2001 which set out that simple and periodic checks should be carried out on Kepak"s domestic water system, and that the control measures should be monitored and reviewed. But this did not happen." Notes Section 2(1) of the Health & Safety at Work etc Act 1974 states: "It shall be the duty of every employer to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health, safety and welfare at work of all his employees." HSE


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